Upholding the concept of open science, this journal adopts an Open Access (OA) publishing model. It aims to break down barriers to academic communication, promote the global sharing and efficient exchange of social science research results, balance the protection of authors' rights and interests with the open use of academic resources, strictly follow international publishing ethics guidelines and internationally accepted publishing norms, and align with the global consensus on open science development.

I. Open Access Model

This journal adopts a Hybrid Open Access model, allowing authors to independently choose between the following two publishing methods to meet the diverse needs of different authors:

1.Open Access (OA) Publishing: After paying the Article Processing Charge (APC), the article will be permanently and freely available to the global public for reading, downloading, citing, and dissemination on the journal's official website and cooperating academic platforms immediately upon formal publication, with no access restrictions, facilitating the rapid dissemination of research results.

2.Traditional Subscription Publishing: Authors are not required to pay the APC, and the article will only be accessible to the journal's subscribers. Non-subscribers can access the article through subscription or by obtaining individual access rights, which is in line with traditional academic publishing practices.

II. Copyright and Licensing Agreements

1. Copyright Ownership: Upon formal publication of the article, the author retains full copyright and the right of authorship. The journal obtains the right of first publication, compilation right, and online dissemination right of the article. The author may legally enjoy relevant rights and interests such as subsequent achievement transformation and secondary dissemination without additional authorization from the journal.
2. Licensing Agreement: All articles published under the Open Access (OA) model are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0). Third parties may freely share, copy, disseminate, and adapt the article (including for commercial purposes) on the premise of indicating the author's name, the article's source, and the journal's information, provided that they do not infringe upon the author's legitimate rights and interests or distort or tamper with the original content.

III. Scope of Open Access

1. Content Scope: Academic articles and enterprise case studies published under the OA model (where authors voluntarily choose the OA model) are included in the scope of open access. The outcomes of the Researcher Program, proceedings of international forums, think tank reports, and outputs related to academic publishing services may be determined to be open access or not through negotiation between the authors and the cooperating parties based on their wishes.
2. Archiving Requirements: All OA-published articles will be simultaneously archived in the journal's official database and internationally renowned academic archiving platforms to ensure long-term accessibility and traceability of the articles, avoid data loss, and comply with the requirements of international open access initiatives such as Plan S.

IV. APC and Fee Waivers

1. APC Related: For articles published under the OA model, the APC payment standard shall refer to the provisions of the journal's "Article Publication (APC)" module. The fee is only used to cover the costs related to OA publishing (including online publication, data archiving, copyright maintenance, open dissemination, etc.), and is irrelevant to the peer review result. No fee is required for unaccepted articles.
2. Fee Waivers: The journal provides full or partial APC waivers for authors from low- and middle-income countries, young scholars without research funding support, and qualified academic institutions. Applications must be submitted with relevant certificates after the article is accepted, and will be reviewed and determined by the Editorial Board, with specific reference to the relevant provisions of the journal's general terms.

V. Compliance Statement

The journal's open access policy strictly follows internationally accepted copyright and publishing norms, is compatible with the open access requirements of major international funding agencies (such as NIH, Horizon Europe, UKRI, etc.), and meets the standards of international open access initiatives such as Plan S. It ensures that the OA articles published by authors can meet the relevant requirements of research evaluation, achievement recognition, and funding agencies, and OA publication certificates can be provided when necessary.

3. Self-Archiving Policy: Authors may archive the final accepted version of their OA-published articles on their personal websites, institutional repositories, or preprint servers. When archiving, the official publication source, DOI number, and copyright statement of the article must be indicated to ensure the accuracy and standardization of the source.

VI. Policy Adjustment

This open access policy will be adjusted in a timely manner in accordance with the global development trend of open access, publishing industry norms, and the journal's development needs. All adjustments will be announced through official notices in advance to ensure the transparency and applicability of the policy.